Sir, this is the era of AI, there are many advanced AI models which require big AI factories or data centers to run. In these factories, powerful GPUs and powerful supercomputers are engaged in data processing 24 hours a day. While processing data, the chips become so hot that even the air from the AC fails to cool them. This is the reason why many methods are tried to cool the heat in the increasing demand of AI and the ever-expanding data centers. One of these is liquid cooling.
What is Liquid Cooling
Liquid cooling is an advanced method of managing heat in data centers. It uses fluids such as dielectric liquids specially designed to absorb and remove heat from high-performance servers. This method is very effective and today AI This is necessary to handle the very high power density of the hardware. It is said that liquid cooling has more capacity to absorb heat than air.
If we understand liquid cooling in simple language, it has a closed piping system (closed loop) through which the cold liquid is transported to the metal plate on top of the GPU. As soon as the liquid passes through these plates, this liquid works to absorb the heat generated inside the chip. After this, this heated liquid is sent to the heat exchanger where this liquid is cooled again and the same process continues.
Use of liquid cooling in NVIDIA’s Ruby
The Rubin generation of NVIDIA’s AI infrastructure is the world’s first to use 100 percent liquid cooling, with every chip and every networking component cooled entirely by liquid.
water is not being used
Ali Heidari, director of data center cooling and infrastructure at NVIDIA, said, “The NVIDIA DSX reference design for AI Factories has zero water consumption; we have eliminated a lot of power and almost all water use.” In dry cooler designs, this is a closed-loop system with no evaporative water cooling; we may need chillers in certain climates.
Saving electricity through liquid cooling
You may also be surprised to know the power consumption of a data center; up to 40 percent of the total power consumption is used for cooling. In simple language, this means that out of the total electricity consumed, 40 percent is being used to keep the data center cool. NVIDIA’s 45 degree liquid cooling architecture enables chiller-less operation with a dry cooler, reducing water consumption every year.
In data centers, electricity is not only used to run supercomputers, almost the same amount of electricity as we told you above (about 40 percent) is also used to run the air conditioners and blower fans that keep them cool.
The biggest advantage with the advent of liquid cooling is that the need to run big ACs and fans is eliminated. It is not that electricity is not required for liquid cooling, it is definitely required, but to circulate the liquid inside the pipe, small pumps are used which consume very little electricity due to which the electricity consumption gets reduced.
How is water saved?
Talking about old air cooled data centres, these centers use evaporative cooling i.e. the technology of evaporating water (Chillers). Because of this, lakhs of liters of water is wasted every day. On the other hand, 100 percent closed-loop liquid cooling is being used in advanced AI data centers. In liquid cooling system, the liquid keeps circulating inside the piping system itself. Due to this, neither the liquid comes in contact with air nor does it evaporate as steam, that is, the same liquid is recycled again and again.
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